| [ .howtos ] |
Software (Applications):
o Audacity
-
o
Bluefish -
o
Firefox -
o Gaim -
o
The Gimp -
o Grip -
o K3b -
o Mplayer -
o
Nvu -
o
Opera -
o
Open Office -
o
Thunderbird -
o VLC -
o Xchat -
o
Xine -
o
Xmms -
Software (Server):
o Apache -
o MySQL -
o ProFTP -
Software (System):
o Kernel Compiling -
o Shell / Terminal
-
Hardware:
o
Hard Drive
o
Keyboard
o
Monitor
o
Mouse
o
Network Card
o
Soundcard
o
Video Card
o
USB
Important Files and Directories:
Most executable files that are available to most or all of the system users are located her in /bin or it's respective subdirectories.
[ /etc ]
Most
configuration files are stored in /etc or in a respective subdirectory
of /etc. In the /etc directoy you will find network, system
initialization files, system environment files, server configuration
files such as /etc/ssh for sshd configuration files. Alternatively,
/etc/yum.conf for the main yum configuration file and /etc/yum.repos.d
for yum repo configuration files. It is wise to familiarize yourself
with the /etc directory and the files and subdirectories within it.
This is where the home directory of most users is located. Usually when the admin or whoever is in charge of issuing user accounts gives the useradd command without the -b or -d options accociated with it, the account is created in /home/user. The users settings are all kept in a hidden subdirectories within the users home directory. This can be very efficient for system admins who are upgrading system software or hardware or performing other maintenance, as well as the user themselves.
example: /home/john/.xmms is a hidden
subdirectory within the user john's home directory that contains
whatever settings john has set for the program xmms.
[ /sbin ]
Usually,
executable files only available to the admin or people in the various
admin groups are kept here.
[ /var ]
Most system logs are kept here or in subdirectories such as
/var/log. It
is wise to restrict access to logs to current system admins responsible
for the network so that tampering, altering or editing is less of a
possibility. Tampering
with log files can have obvious serious consequences. Log files
should be monitored on a daily, weekly and monthly basis to sustain
system integrity, look for patterns and root out potential
problems before they get out of hand.
Package Management:
.rpm / yum - Fedora / Redhat package manager
.deb / apt-get - Debian package manager
portage / emerge - Gentoo package manager
Useful Tools: